Cognitive impairments (brain fog, concentration-, attention issues, memory loss) and headaches
Foggy, dry, or cloudy thinking that could be stress or Long Covid, often described as brain fog.
Cognitive impairment: Patients often report difficulty concentrating, processing information, as well as attention problems, cognitive issues and difficulty in maintaining everyday life functions. These symptoms are debilitating and can have an adverse impact on patients, especially those who are professionally active or still studying.
Headache: Frequent or persistent headaches, chronic debilitating headaches that are not improving or migraines. Long Covid headaches are generally previously undiagnosed tension headaches, migraines or manifestations of PESE.
Sources:
Post-Covid recommendations for primary care physicians – Switzerland
Practical management of post-Covid19 disease, Dr Ioannis Kokkinakis, Dr Mathieu Saubade, Dr Konstantinos Tzartzas, Dr Serge De Vallière, Dr Catherine Duquenne, Pr Gilles Allali, Dr Frédéric Regamey and Pr Bernard Favrat - Rev Med Suisse 2023
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Mental fatigue
Feeling mentally "fuzzy"
Inability to think clearly
Loss of thread of ideas (short term memory failures)
Spacing out
Trouble concentrating
Difficulty to make things done
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Simple actions to begin, that you can do right now:
Use a notebook to plan all the tasks of the day, even the most trivial ones
Alternate easy and difficult tasks
Schedule the most difficult tasks at the best time of day (when you have the most energy)
Take care of your sleep-wake cycle (wake up and go to sleep at the same hour any day of week, event during the week-end)
No alcohol or drugs that can affect your brains need for sleep
Keep time for resting but don’t nap longer than 15 to 20 minutes
Rest means minimal activity and little or no mental stimulation like TV or social media
Use memory aids like a to do list to remember what you have to do and write information you have to remember to try not to forget
Avoid multitasking
If possible, calm environment without noise
Additional actions to go further:
Mindfulness meditation
Breathing exercises (potentially in a dark room)
Keep a headache diary
Paced exercise
Do yoga, stretching, craniosacral therapy to reactivate your nervous system
Walks in nature (forest bathing)
Take the time to appreciate beautiful things around you (sunset for instance)
Eliminate mental stimulation like earphones and looking at your smartphone
Light memory games
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Cognitive impairment:
History and physical examination including neurobehavioral assessment
Blood test
Headache:
History and physical examination including neurological assessment.
Rule out secondary causes of headache
Symptomatic treatment
Riboflavin (vitamin B2) high dose 400 mg 1 ×/day for at least 3 months (specific treatment for headache caused by long covid)
Magnesium 300 mg 1x/day
Cervical manual medicine
Tests:
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA)
Brain MRI
Neuro- psychological assessment
Cognitive and functional assessment
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Neuropsychological therapy:
Symptom management
Cognitive pacing
Neuro visual rehabilitation (neurotrack)
Cognitive training